Ijambo ryibanze: VPH Ikomeye-icyiciro cya holographic grating, Transmittance spectrophotometer, Reflectance spectrometer, Czerny-Turner Inzira nziza.
1.Ibisobanuro
Fibre optique ya spekrometrike irashobora gushyirwa mubikorwa nko gutekereza no kohereza, ukurikije ubwoko bwa diffaction griting.Gutandukanya gusya ni ikintu cyiza cyane, cyerekana umubare munini wuburinganire buringaniye haba hejuru cyangwa imbere.Nibintu byingenzi bigize fibre optique.Iyo urumuri rufatanije nogusya, ukwirakwize muburyo butandukanye bugenwa nuburebure butandukanye bwumurongo ukoresheje ibintu bizwi nko gutandukanya urumuri.
Hejuru ku ifoto: Ivangura ryerekana ivangura (ibumoso) na transitrometrike (iburyo)
Ibyishimo bitandukanijwe mubisanzwe byashyizwe muburyo bubiri: gutekereza no kohereza.Ibyishimo byo gutekereza birashobora kugabanywa mubice byo kugaragariza indege no gushimisha, mugihe ibiyobora byoherejwe bishobora kugabanywa muburyo bwo kohereza ibintu hamwe na fonctionnement ya holographic (VPH).Iyi ngingo iragaragaza cyane cyane indege ya blaze grating-yerekana ibintu byerekana ibintu hamwe na VPH grating-ubwoko bwa transmitance spectrometer.
Hejuru ku ifoto: Gushushanya (ibumoso) hamwe no kohereza (iburyo).
Ni ukubera iki noneho abantu benshi bahitamo guhitamo gusya aho kuba prism?Igenwa cyane cyane namahame yo gushimira.Umubare wimirongo kuri milimetero kuri gritingi (umurongo wubucucike, igice: imirongo / mm) ugena ubushobozi bwo gusya.Umurongo muremure wo gusya utanga ibisubizo byinshi byo gukwirakwiza urumuri rwuburebure butandukanye nyuma yo kunyura muri gritingi, biganisha kumurongo wo hejuru.Mubisanzwe, kuboneka no gusya byimbitse birimo 75, 150, 300, 600, 900, 1200, 1800, 2400, 3600, nibindi, byujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa muburyo butandukanye.Mugihe, prism spectroscopy igarukira no gukwirakwiza ibikoresho byikirahure, aho umutungo ukwirakwiza ibirahure ugena ubushobozi bwa sprosroscopique ya prism.Kubera ko ibintu bitandukanya ibikoresho byibirahure bigarukira, biragoye guhuza byoroshye ibisabwa nibisabwa bitandukanye.Kubwibyo, ntabwo ikoreshwa cyane mubucuruzi bwa miniature fibre optique ya ecran.
Inyandiko: Ingaruka zidasanzwe zubushuhe butandukanye bwo gushushanya mu gishushanyo cyavuzwe haruguru.
Igishushanyo cyerekana gukwirakwiza sprometrike yumucyo wera ukoresheje ibirahuri hamwe na diffaction spectrometrie ukoresheje urusyo.
Amateka yiterambere yibyishimo, tangira hamwe na "Young's double-slit test": Mu 1801, umuhanga mu bya fiziki w’umwongereza witwa Thomas Young yavumbuye itandukaniro ry’umucyo akoresheje ubushakashatsi bubiri.Umucyo wa monochromatique unyura mubice bibiri werekana guhinduranya urumuri rwijimye.Igeragezwa ryibice bibiri ryabanje kwemeza ko urumuri rugaragaza ibintu bisa n’imivumba y’amazi (imiterere yumuraba wumucyo), bigatera sensation mumuryango wa fiziki.Icyakurikiyeho, abahanga mu bya fiziki benshi bakoze ubushakashatsi bwimbitse kandi bareba itandukaniro ryumucyo binyuze mubyishimo.Nyuma, umuhanga mu bya fiziki w’Abafaransa Fresnel yashyizeho inyigisho y’ibanze yo gutandukanya itandukaniro ahuza tekinike y’imibare yashyizweho n’umuhanga w’umudage Huygens, ashingiye kuri ibyo bisubizo.
Igishushanyo cyerekana Umusore wikubye kabiri-ibumoso, hamwe no guhinduranya urumuri rwijimye.Gutandukanya ibice byinshi (iburyo), gukwirakwiza amabara yamabara kuri gahunda zitandukanye.
2.Icyerekezo cyerekana
Kugaragaza ibintu bisanzwe bikoresha inzira ya optique igizwe nindege itandukanya indege hamwe nindorerwamo zifatika, byitwa inzira ya optiki ya Czerny-Turner.Mubisanzwe bigizwe nigice, indege yaka umuriro, indorerwamo ebyiri zegeranye, hamwe na detector.Iboneza birangwa no gukemura cyane, urumuri rucye, hamwe na optique yinjiza.Nyuma yikimenyetso cyumucyo cyinjiye mumurongo ufunganye, kibanza gukusanyirizwa mumurongo ugereranije nicyuma gifata ibyuma, hanyuma kigahita gikubita planari itandukanya aho uburebure bwumurambararo bugabanijwe kumpande zitandukanye.Ubwanyuma, urumuri rugufi rwibanda kumucyo utandukanijwe kuri fotodetekeri kandi ibimenyetso byuburebure butandukanye byandikwa na pigiseli kumwanya utandukanye kuri chip ya fotodiode, amaherezo ikabyara ibintu.Mubisanzwe, icyerekezo cyerekana kandi kirimo bimwe bya kabiri-bitandukanya-guhagarika filtri hamwe ninkingi za lens kugirango tunoze ubuziranenge bwibisohoka.
Igishushanyo cyerekana kwambukiranya ubwoko bwa CT optique inzira yogushushanya.
Twabibutsa ko Czerny na Turner atari bo bahimbye iyi sisitemu ya optique ahubwo bibukwa kubera uruhare runini bagize mu bijyanye na optique - umuhanga mu bumenyi bw'ikirere muri Otirishiya Adalbert Czerny na siyanse w’Ubudage Rudolf W. Turner.
Inzira nziza ya Czerny-Turner irashobora gushyirwa mubice bibiri: byambutse kandi bifunguye (M-ubwoko).Inzira yambukiranya optique / M-optique yinzira ninzira ndende.Hano, ibumoso-iburyo bugereranya gukwirakwiza indorerwamo ebyiri zifitanye isano nindege zifata indege, zigaragaza indishyi zingana na aberrasi ya axis, bikavamo gukemura neza.SpectraCheck® SR75C fibre optique ya sprometrike ikoresha inzira ya M yo mu bwoko bwa optique, igera kumurongo wa optique igera kuri 0.15nm murwego rwa ultraviolet ya 180-340 nm.
Hejuru: Kwambukiranya ubwoko bwa optique / kwaguka-ubwoko (M-ubwoko) inzira nziza.
Mubyongeyeho, usibye ibishashara byaka umuriro, hariho no gufunga umuriro.Grate ya blake yamashanyarazi irashobora kumvikana nkikomatanya ryindorerwamo ifatanye.Kubwibyo, gucana umuriro wa grake ya spekrometrike igizwe gusa nuduce, gusya kwa blake, hamwe na detector, bikavamo guhagarara neza.Nyamara, gufatira kumuriro byashizeho ibisabwa kumurongo hamwe nintera yumucyo utandukanijwe, kugabanya amahitamo ahari.
Hejuru ku ifoto: Gufata amashanyarazi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-26-2023